Ansible Permission Denied (Errno 13): Fix File Access Errors

By Luca Berton · Published 2024-01-01 · Category: installation

Fix Ansible Permission denied [Errno 13] errors. Resolve file permission, become/sudo, SELinux, and directory access issues with troubleshooting steps.

Ansible Permission Denied (Errno 13): Fix File Access Errors

Introduction

Welcome to another episode of Ansible Pilot! I'm Luca Berton, and today we're delving into Ansible troubleshooting, focusing on the pesky PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied error. Join me as we explore the intricacies of this issue, reproduce it in a live Playbook, and learn how to effectively resolve it using privilege escalation in Ansible Playbooks.

The Demo

Let's jump right into a live Playbook to understand how to troubleshoot the Ansible fatal error [Errno 13] Permission denied and fix it in an Ansible Playbook.

Error Code

# permissiondenied_error.yml
---
- name: set environment Playbook
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: false
  vars:
    os_environment:
      - key: EDITOR
        value: vi
  tasks:
    - name: customize /etc/environment
      ansible.builtin.lineinline:
        dest: "/etc/environment"
        state: present
        regexp: "^{{ item.key }}="
        line: "{{ item.key }}={{ item.value }}"
      with_items: "{{ os_environment }}"

Error Execution

ansible-pilot $ ansible-playbook -i virtualmachines/demo/inventory troubleshooting/permissiondenied_error.yml
PLAY [set environment Playbook] ***********************************************************************
TASK [customize /etc/environment] *****************************************************************
An exception occurred during task execution. To see the full traceback, use -vvv. The error was: PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: b'/home/devops/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1645543127.772594-89712-144540003805636/tmpvhoh4q83' -> b'/etc/environment'
failed: [demo.example.com] (item={'key': 'EDITOR', 'value': 'vi'}) => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"}, "ansible_loop_var": "item", "changed": false, "item": {"key": "EDITOR", "value": "vi"}, "msg": "The destination directory (/etc) is not writable by the current user. Error was: [Errno 13] Permission denied: b'/etc/.ansible_tmp_hwdwg3denvironment'"}
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************
demo.example.com           : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
ansible-pilot $

Fix Code

# permissiondenied_fix.yml
---
- name: set environment Playbook
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: false
  become: true
  vars:
    os_environment:
      - key: EDITOR
        value: vi
  tasks:
    - name: customize /etc/environment
      ansible.builtin.lineinline:
        dest: "/etc/environment"
        state: present
        regexp: "^{{ item.key }}="
        line: "{{ item.key }}={{ item.value }}"
      with_items: "{{ os_environment }}"

Fix Execution

ansible-pilot $ ansible-playbook -i virtualmachines/demo/inventory troubleshooting/permissiondenied_fix.yml
PLAY [set environment Playbook] ***********************************************************************
TASK [customize /etc/environment] *****************************************************************
changed: [demo.example.com] => (item={'key': 'EDITOR', 'value': 'vi'})
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************
demo.example.com           : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
ansible-pilot $

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we've successfully troubleshooted the Ansible [Errno 13] Permission Denied error and implemented a fix in an Ansible Playbook. By leveraging privilege escalation, we overcame the Permission Denied hurdle and ensured seamless execution.

I hope this guide proves valuable in unraveling similar challenges during your Ansible automation endeavors. If you found this information helpful, consider subscribing for more Ansible insights.

Common Causes and Fixes

Missing become (sudo)

# WRONG - no privilege escalation
- ansible.builtin.copy:
    src: config.yml
    dest: /etc/myapp/config.yml

# CORRECT
- ansible.builtin.copy:
    src: config.yml
    dest: /etc/myapp/config.yml
  become: true

Directory doesn't exist

- name: Create directory first
  ansible.builtin.file:
    path: /opt/myapp/config
    state: directory
    owner: appuser
    mode: '0755'
  become: true

- name: Then copy file
  ansible.builtin.copy:
    src: config.yml
    dest: /opt/myapp/config/config.yml
    owner: appuser
  become: true

Wrong file ownership

- name: Fix ownership
  ansible.builtin.file:
    path: /opt/myapp
    state: directory
    owner: appuser
    group: appgroup
    recurse: true
  become: true

SELinux blocking access

# Check SELinux status
- command: getenforce
  register: selinux_status

# Restore SELinux context
- ansible.builtin.command: restorecon -Rv /opt/myapp
  become: true

# Or set correct context
- community.general.sefcontext:
    target: '/opt/myapp(/.*)?'
    setype: httpd_sys_content_t
    state: present
  become: true

Debugging Steps

# Check current permissions
- ansible.builtin.stat:
    path: /etc/myapp/
  register: dir_info

- debug:
    msg: |
      Mode: {{ dir_info.stat.mode }}
      Owner: {{ dir_info.stat.pw_name }}
      Group: {{ dir_info.stat.gr_name }}

# Check who you're running as
- command: whoami
  register: current_user
- command: id
  register: current_id

Common Permission Patterns

Path	Typical Owner	Mode	Needs become
`/etc/`	root	644/755	Yes
`/opt/app/`	appuser	755	Usually
`/var/log/`	syslog/root	640	Yes
`/tmp/`	any	1777	No
`~/`	user	755	No

Temporary Directory Issues

# Ansible uses /tmp for module execution
# If /tmp is mounted noexec, override:
# ansible.cfg
[defaults]
remote_tmp = /var/tmp/.ansible/tmp

FAQ

Errno 13 on "copy" module but file exists?

Check the parent directory permissions. You need write permission on the directory to create/modify files in it.

Works with SSH but fails with Ansible?

Ansible may run as a different user or without a login shell. Check ansible_user and become settings.

"Permission denied" during package install?

- apt:
    name: nginx
  become: true  # Package management requires root

How do I debug permission issues?

ansible-playbook site.yml -vvvv
# Shows exact command and user context

The Error

fatal: [web1]: FAILED! => {"msg": "[Errno 13] Permission denied: '/etc/myapp/config.conf'"}

Quick Fixes

Add become (sudo)

# WRONG — running as unprivileged user
- copy:
    src: config.conf
    dest: /etc/myapp/config.conf

# CORRECT — use become for privileged paths
- ansible.builtin.copy:
    src: config.conf
    dest: /etc/myapp/config.conf
  become: true

Fix File Permissions

- ansible.builtin.file:
    path: /opt/myapp/data
    state: directory
    mode: '0755'
    owner: deploy
    recurse: true
  become: true

Fix Parent Directory Permissions

# Often the DIRECTORY permissions matter, not the file
- file:
    path: /opt/myapp
    state: directory
    mode: '0755'
  become: true

- copy:
    src: app.conf
    dest: /opt/myapp/app.conf
  become: true

Common Causes

1. Missing become

# Writing to system paths requires sudo
- hosts: all
  become: true  # Apply to all tasks in play
  tasks:
    - copy:
        src: nginx.conf
        dest: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

2. Wrong become_user

# Run as specific user
- copy:
    src: app.conf
    dest: /home/deploy/app.conf
  become: true
  become_user: deploy

3. Ansible tmp Directory

# Remote user can't write to /tmp/.ansible/tmp
# Fix in ansible.cfg:
[defaults]
remote_tmp = /tmp/.ansible-${USER}/tmp

4. SELinux Blocking

# Check SELinux denials
ausearch -m AVC -ts recent

# Fix context
restorecon -rv /opt/myapp/

# Or set context with Ansible
- community.general.sefcontext:
    target: '/opt/myapp(/.*)?'
    setype: httpd_sys_content_t
  become: true

5. NFS/Mounted Filesystem

# NFS with root_squash prevents root access
# In ansible.cfg, use become_user matching NFS export:
[privilege_escalation]
become_user = nfsuser

Debugging

# Check current user and permissions
- command: whoami
  register: current_user

- command: ls -la /etc/myapp/
  register: dir_perms
  become: true

- debug:
    msg: |
      Running as: {{ current_user.stdout }}
      Directory: {{ dir_perms.stdout }}

# Verbose mode shows permission details
ansible-playbook site.yml -vvv

Common Permission Patterns

# System config files
- template:
    src: app.conf.j2
    dest: /etc/myapp/app.conf
    mode: '0644'
    owner: root
    group: root
  become: true

# Application files
- copy:
    src: app.jar
    dest: /opt/myapp/app.jar
    mode: '0755'
    owner: appuser
    group: appuser
  become: true

# SSH keys
- copy:
    content: "{{ vault_ssh_key }}"
    dest: /home/deploy/.ssh/id_rsa
    mode: '0600'
    owner: deploy
  become: true
  no_log: true

# Log directories
- file:
    path: /var/log/myapp
    state: directory
    mode: '0755'
    owner: appuser
  become: true

FAQ

"Permission denied" but I'm using become?

Check if become_method is correct (default is sudo). Verify the remote user has sudo privileges: sudo -l.

Permission denied on the Ansible controller?

# Local file permissions — use delegate_to or local_action
- copy:
    src: /restricted/file
    dest: /tmp/file
  delegate_to: localhost
  become: true  # Needs sudo on controller

How to debug SELinux issues?

# Check for denials
sudo audit2why < /var/log/audit/audit.log
# Generate policy
sudo audit2allow -a -M mypolicy

Category: installation

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About Luca Berton

Ansible Permission Denied (Errno 13): Fix File Access Errors

Introduction

The Demo

Error Code

Error Execution

Fix Code

Fix Execution

Conclusion

Common Causes and Fixes

Missing become (sudo)

Directory doesn't exist

Wrong file ownership

SELinux blocking access

Debugging Steps

Common Permission Patterns

Temporary Directory Issues

FAQ

Errno 13 on "copy" module but file exists?

Works with SSH but fails with Ansible?

"Permission denied" during package install?

How do I debug permission issues?

The Error

Quick Fixes

Add become (sudo)

Fix File Permissions

Fix Parent Directory Permissions

Common Causes

1. Missing become

2. Wrong become_user

3. Ansible tmp Directory

4. SELinux Blocking

5. NFS/Mounted Filesystem

Debugging

Common Permission Patterns

FAQ

"Permission denied" but I'm using become?

Permission denied on the Ansible controller?

How to debug SELinux issues?

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