Ansible SELinux Module: Set Policy, State & Mode on Linux (Guide)

How to Set the SELinux Policy States and Modes on Linux with Ansible?

I'm going to show you a live Playbook with some simple Ansible code. I'm Luca Berton and welcome to today's episode of Ansible Pilot.

See also: Ansible SELinux: Manage Modes, Booleans & Contexts (Complete Guide)

SELinux Modes and States

• enforcing - enabled, load security policy "targeted" and active • permissive - enabled, load security policy, log, don't deny • disabled - disabled, not load security policy

What is SELinux?

Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is a Linux kernel security module that provides a mechanism for supporting access control security policies, including mandatory access controls (MAC). Let's quickly Conclusion the three SELinux Modes: enforcing, permissive and disabled. The "enforce" mode is recommended, SELinux is enabled and fully operates. It applies the security policy to the entire system. Please note that in this mode SELinux is expected to deny some actions that don't complain about the security policy. You could choose the name of the security policy, most distributions use the "targeted" security policy out-of-the-box. It's the recommended option for production systems. The "permissive" mode is someway in the middle, SELinux is enabled and load the security policy. It labels objects and emits access denial entries in the logs, but it does not actually deny any operations. This mode is useful in the development and debugging. The "disabled" mode completely disables the SELinux system. This option is discouraged. More advanced user ser set the system running in enforcing mode but individual domain as permissive.

See also: Ansible seboolean Module: Enable & Disable SELinux Booleans (Guide)

Ansible set the SELinux Policy States and Modes on Linux

• ansible.posix.selinux • Change policy and the state of SELinux

Today we're talking about Ansible module selinux. The full name is ansible.posix.selinux, which means that is part of the collection of modules to interact with POSIX systems. It's a module pretty stable and out for years, it manages SELinux policy. It supports a huge variety of Linux distributions and POSIX systems. It requires libselinux-python or libselinux-python3 library installed on the target system.

Parameters

• state string - enforcing/permissive/disabled - SELinux mode • policy - "targeted" • configfile string - "/etc/selinux/config"

Let's see the parameter of the selinux Ansible module. The only required is "state", which is the SELinux mode. For this parameter the three options are available: "enforcing", "permissive", and "disabled". When the system is in "enforcing" and "permissive" modes you need to specify also the policy to enable it. The parameter "policy" is designed for this purpose. For example "targeted" policy. By default, all these values apply to the SELinux configuration file saved in the "/etc/selinux/config". You could customize using the "configfile" parameter.

See also: Ansible code in RHSB-2021-009 Log4Shell - Remote Code Execution - log4j (CVE-2021-44228)

Links

• https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/posix/selinux_module.html • https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/changing-selinux-states-and-modes/ • https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/community/general/selinux_permissive_module.html

## Playbook

Set the SELinux Policy States and Modes on Linux with Ansible Playbook.

code

---
- name: selinux module Playbook
  hosts: all
  become: true
  vars:
    selinux_state: "enforcing"
    selinux_policy: "targeted"
  tasks:
    - name: SELinux policy and state
      ansible.posix.selinux:
        state: "{{ selinux_state }}"
        policy: "{{ selinux_policy }}"
      notify: relabel and reboot
  handlers:
    - name: relabel files on next boot
      ansible.builtin.file:
        path: "/.autorelabel"
        state: touch
      when:
        - selinux_state != 'disabled'
      listen: "relabel and reboot"
    - name: reboot host
      ansible.builtin.reboot:
      listen: "relabel and reboot"execution

execution

$ ansible-playbook -i virtualmachines/demo/inventory selinux/policy_modes.yml
PLAY [selinux module Playbook] ************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************
ok: [demo.example.com]
TASK [SELinux policy and state] *******************************************************************
changed: [demo.example.com]
RUNNING HANDLER [relabel files on next boot] ******************************************************
changed: [demo.example.com]
RUNNING HANDLER [reboot host] *********************************************************************
changed: [demo.example.com]
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************
demo.example.com           : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

idempotency

$ ansible-playbook -i virtualmachines/demo/inventory selinux/policy_modes.yml
PLAY [selinux module Playbook] ************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************
ok: [demo.example.com]
TASK [SELinux policy and state] *******************************************************************
ok: [demo.example.com]
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************
demo.example.com           : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

before execution

$ ssh devops@demo.example.com
[devops@demo ~]$ sudo su
[root@demo devops]# getenforce
Permissive
[root@demo devops]# sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   permissive
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Memory protection checking:     actual (secure)
Max kernel policy version:      33
[root@demo devops]#

after execution

$ ssh devops@demo.example.com
[devops@demo ~]$ sudo su
[root@demo devops]# getenforce 
Enforcing
[root@demo devops]# sestatus 
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   enforcing
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Memory protection checking:     actual (secure)
Max kernel policy version:      33

code with ❤️ in GitHub

Conclusion

Now you know how to set the SELinux Policy States and Modes on Linux with Ansible.

Related Articles

• Ansible handlers guide • Ansible conditional patterns • Ansible inventory complete reference • Ansible become methods compared • idempotent file ops with ansible.builtin.file